Tugas2-Struktur Data

 Apa itu Array?

Array adalah sebuah variabel yang bisa menyimpan banyak data dalam satu variabel.

Array menggunakan indeks untuk memudahkan akses terhadap data yang disimpannya.

Indeks array selalu dimulai dari 0…

…dan perlu diketahui juga, indeks tidak selalu dalam bentuk angka. Bisa juga karakter atau teks.

Program 1 : Array Sederhana

	/**
	* Array App Program
	* Program to implement an array type conventionally
	*
	* @author Afira Rolobessy
	* @version 1.0
	* @since March 27th 2021
	* */
	public class ArrayApp {
	/**
	* Main Method
	* Description :
	* This method is used as main method.
	*
	* @param args arguments to the console app while compiled and launched.
	* */
	public static void main(String[] args){
	long[] arr;
	arr = new long[100];
	arr[0] = 77;
	arr[1] = 99;
	arr[2] = 44;
	arr[3] = 55;
	arr[4] = 22;
	arr[5] = 88;
	arr[6] = 11;
	arr[7] = 0;
	arr[8] = 66;
	arr[9] = 33;
	int nElems = 10;
	//another variable declaration
	int j;
	long searchKey;
	// display all arrays
	for (j = 0; j < nElems; j++){
	System.out.print(arr[j] + " ");
	}
	System.out.println();
	// search element in array
	searchKey = 66;
	for (j = 0; j < nElems; j++){
	if(arr[j] == searchKey){
	break;
	}
	}
	// delete element
	for (int k = j; k < nElems; k++){
	arr[k] = arr[k+1];
	}
	nElems--;
	// display current array element
	for (j = 0; j < nElems; j++){
	System.out.print(arr[j] + " ");
	}
	System.out.println();
	} //end main()
	} //end class arrayapp

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Pada program di atas, kita membuat array bertipe data long menggunakan cara konvensional. Ketika program dijalankan, maka hasilnya akan jadi seperti berikut Program 2 : Implementasi Array Sederhana Menggunakan Class

	/**
	* Class Person
	* Description :
	* This class represents person object.
	*
	* Methods :
	* public void displayPerson()
	* public String getLastName()
	* */
	class Person
	{
	private String lastName;
	private String firstName;
	private int age;
	public Person(String last, String first, int B){
	lastName = last;
	firstName = first;
	age = B;
	}
	public void displayPerson(){
	System.out.println("Last name : "+lastName);
	System.out.println("First name : "+firstName);
	System.out.println("Age : "+age);
	}
	public String getLast(){
	return lastName;
	}
	}
	class ClassDataArray{
	private Person[] B;
	private int nElems;
	public ClassDataArray(int max){
	B = new Person[max];
	nElems = 0;
	}
	public Person find(String searchName){
	int j;
	for(j = 0; j < nElems; j++)
	if(B[j].getLast().equals(searchName))
	break;
	if(j == nElems)
	return null;
	else
	return B[j];
	}
	public void insert(String last,String first,int age){
	B[nElems] = new Person(last,first,age);
	nElems++;
	}
	public boolean delete(String searchName){
	int j;
	for(j = 0; j < nElems; j++)
	if(B[j].getLast().equals(searchName))
	break;
	if(j == nElems)
	return false;
	else{
	for(int k=j; k < nElems; k++)
	B[k] = B[k+1];
	nElems--;
	return true;
	}
	}
	public void display(){
	for(int j = 0; j < nElems; j++)
	B[j].displayPerson();
	}
	}
	public class ClassDataApp{
	public static void main(String[] args){
	int maxSize = 100;
	ClassDataArray arr;
	arr = new ClassDataArray(maxSize);
	//Insert Elements
	arr.insert("Evans", "Patty", 24);
	arr.insert("Smith", "Loraine", 37);
	arr.insert("Yee", "Tom", 43);
	arr.insert("Adams", "Henry", 63);
	arr.insert("Hashimoto", "Sato", 21);
	arr.insert("Stimson", "Henry", 29);
	arr.insert("Velasquez", "Jose", 72);
	arr.insert("Lamarque", "Henry", 54);
	arr.insert("Vang", "Minh", 22);
	arr.insert("Creswell", "Lucinda", 18);
	//Display Elements
	arr.display();
	//Search Element
	String searchKey = "Stimson";
	Person found;
	found = arr.find(searchKey);
	if(found !=null){
	System.out.println("Found ");
	found.displayPerson();
	}
	else
	System.out.println("Can't find "+searchKey);
	//Delete Elements
	System.out.println("Deleting Smith, Yee, and Creswell");
	arr.delete("Smith");
	arr.delete("Yee");
	arr.delete("Creswell");
	//Display Elements
	arr.display();
	}
	} // class ClassDataApp

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Pada program di atas, kita membuat class yang menjadi representasi dari array. Di dalam class tersebut terdapat method setElem yang digunakan untuk memberi nilai array pada index tertentu. Selain itu, juga terdapat method getElem yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan nilai array pada index tertentu. Ketika program dijalankan, maka hasilnya akan jadi seperti berikut. Program 3 : Implementasi Array Lanjutan Menggunakan Class

	/**
	* High Array
	*
	* @author Afira Rolobessy
	*
	*/
	public class HighArray
	{
	/**
	* Constructor
	* Description :
	* Constructor will create new array with a specific size.
	*
	* @param size size of the array.
	* */
	public HighArray(int size){
	array = new long[size];
	nElems = 0;
	}
	/**
	* Method find
	* Description :
	* This method is used to search element from the array.
	*
	* @param searchKey key to be looked for from the array.
	* @return true if key found, else false.
	* */
	public boolean find(long searchKey){
	int j;
	for(j = 0; j <nElems; j++)
	if(a[j] == searchKey)
	break;
	if(j == nElems)
	return false;
	else
	return true;
	}
	public void insert(long value){
	a[nElems] = value;
	nElems++;
	}
	public boolean delete(long value){
	int j;
	for(j = 0; j < nElems; j++)
	if(value == a[j])
	break;
	if(j == nElems)
	return false;
	else{
	for(int k=j; k < nElems; k++)
	a[k] = a[k+1];
	nElems--;
	return true;
	}
	}
	/**
	* Method display
	* Description :
	* This method is used to display all elements of the array.
	* */
	public void display(){
	for(int j = 0; j < nElems; j++)
	System.out.print(a[j]+" ");
	System.out.println(" ");
	}
	}
	public class HighArrayApp{
	public static void main(String[] args){
	int maxSize = 100;
	HighArray arr;
	arr = new HighArray(maxSize);
	arr.insert(77);
	arr.insert(99);
	arr.insert(44);
	arr.insert(55);
	arr.insert(22);
	arr.insert(88);
	arr.insert(11);
	arr.insert(0);
	arr.insert(66);
	arr.insert(33);
	arr.display();
	//Search Element
	int searchKey = 35;
	if(arr.find(searchKey))
	System.out.println("Found "+searchKey);
	else
	System.out.println("Can't find "+searchKey);
	//Delete Elements
	arr.delete(0);
	arr.delete(55);
	arr.delete(99);
	//Display Elements
	arr.display();
	} //end main()
	} //end class arrayapp

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Pada program di atas, ada beberapa method yang diimplementasikan. Pertama yaitu method find yang digunakan untuk mencari elemen tertentu di dalam array. Berikutnya yaitu method insert yang digunakan untuk menambahkan elemen baru pada array. Selanjutnya yaitu method delete yang digunakan untuk menghapus elemen tertertu pada array. Yang terakhir yaitu method display yang digunakan untuk menampilkan semua elemen pada array. Ketika program dijalankan, maka hasilnya akan jadi seperti berikut. Program 4 : Implementasi Array Terurut Menggunakan Class

	/**
	* High Array
	*
	* @author Afira Rolobessy
	*
	*/
	public class OrderedArray
	{
	private long[] a;
	private int nElems;
	public OrderedArray(int max){
	a = new long[max];
	nElems = 0;
	}
	public int size(){
	return nElems;
	}
	public int find(long searchKey){
	int lowerBound = 0;
	int upperBound = nElems - 1;
	int curln;
	while(true){
	curln = (lowerBound + upperBound) / 2;
	if(a[curln] == searchKey)
	return curln;
	else if(lowerBound > upperBound)
	return nElems;
	else{
	if(a[curln] < searchKey)
	lowerBound = curln + 1;
	else
	upperBound = curln - 1;
	}
	}
	}
	public void insert (long value){
	int j;
	for(j = 0; j < nElems; j++)
	if(a[j] > value)
	break;
	for(int k = nElems; k > j; k--)
	a[k] = a[k-1];
	a[j] = value;
	nElems++;
	}
	public boolean delete(long value){
	int j = find(value);
	if(j == nElems)
	return false;
	else{
	for(int k=j; k < nElems; k++)
	a[k] = a[k+1];
	nElems--;
	return true;
	}
	}
	public void display(){
	for(int j=0; j < nElems; j++)
	System.out.print(a[j]+" ");
	System.out.println(" ");
	}
	class OrderedArrayApp {
	/**
	* Main Method
	* Description :
	* This method is used as main method.
	*
	* @param args arguments to the console app while compiled and launched.
	* */
	}
	public class OrderedArrayApp{
	//Initialize the array
	public static void main(String[] args){
	int maxSize = 100;
	OrderedArray arr;
	arr = new OrderedArray(maxSize);
	arr.insert(77);
	arr.insert(99);
	arr.insert(44);
	arr.insert(55);
	arr.insert(22);
	arr.insert(88);
	arr.insert(11);
	arr.insert(0);
	arr.insert(66);
	arr.insert(33);
	//Search Element
	int searchKey = 55;
	if(arr.find(searchKey) != arr.size())
	System.out.println("Found "+searchKey);
	else
	System.out.println("Can't find "+searchKey);
	//Display Elements
	arr.display();
	//Delete Elements
	arr.delete(0);
	arr.delete(55);
	arr.delete(99);
	//Display Elements After Removing Some Elements
	arr.display();
	}
	} // end class OrderedApp

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Pada program di atas, terdapat beberapa method yang diimplementasikan. Pertama yaitu method size yang digunakan untuk mengetahui panjang array. Berikutnya yaitu method find yang digunakan untuk mencari elemen tertentu di dalam array. Karena semua elemen di dalam array sudah terurut, kita dapat mengimplementasikan binary search untuk method find. Selanjutnya yaitu method insert yang digunakan untuk menyisipkan elemen ke dalam array sesuai dengan urutan nilainya. Berikutnya yaitu method delete yang digunakan untuk menghapus elemen tertentu dari array. Yang terakhir yaitu method display yang digunakan menampilkan semua elemen di dalam array. Ketika program dijalankan, maka hasilnya akan jadi seperti berikut. Program 5 : Implementasi Array Bertipe Data Objek

	/**
	* Class Data Array
	*
	* @author Afira Rolobessy
	*
	*/
	public class Person
	{
	private String lastName;
	private String firstName;
	private int age;
	/**
	* Constructor
	* Description :
	* Constructor will create new Person with the given lastname, firstname, and age.
	*
	* @param last lastname of the person.
	* @param first firstname of the person.
	* @param age age of the person.
	* */
	public Person(String last, String first, int a){
	lastName = last;
	firstName = first;
	age = a;
	}
	public void displayPerson(){
	System.out.println("Last name : "+lastName);
	System.out.println("First name : "+firstName);
	System.out.println("Age : "+age);
	}
	public String getLast(){
	return lastName;
	}
	}
	class ClassDataArray{
	private Person[] a;
	private int nElems;
	public ClassDataArray(int max){
	a = new Person[max];
	nElems = 0;
	}
	public Person find(String searchName){
	int j;
	for(j = 0; j < nElems; j++)
	if(a[j].getLast().equals(searchName))
	break;
	if(j == nElems)
	return null;
	else
	return a[j];
	}
	/**
	* Method displayPerson
	* Description :
	* This method will display all information of the person (firstname, lastname, and age).
	* */
	public void insert(String last,String first,int age){
	a[nElems] = new Person(last,first,age);
	nElems++;
	}
	public boolean delete(String searchName){
	int j;
	for(j = 0; j < nElems; j++)
	if(a[j].getLast().equals(searchName))
	break;
	if(j == nElems)
	return false;
	else{
	for(int k=j; k < nElems; k++)
	a[k] = a[k+1];
	nElems--;
	return true;
	}
	}
	public void displayA(){
	for(int j = 0; j < nElems; j++)
	a[j].displayPerson();
	}
	}
	public class ClassDataApp{
	public static void main(String[] args){
	int maxSize = 100;
	ClassDataArray arr;
	arr = new ClassDataArray(maxSize);
	//Insert Elements
	arr.insert("Evans", "Patty", 24);
	arr.insert("Smith", "Loraine", 37);
	arr.insert("Yee", "Tom", 43);
	arr.insert("Adams", "Henry", 63);
	arr.insert("Hashimoto", "Sato", 21);
	arr.insert("Stimson", "Henry", 29);
	arr.insert("Velasquez", "Jose", 72);
	arr.insert("Lamarque", "Henry", 54);
	arr.insert("Vang", "Minh", 22);
	arr.insert("Creswell", "Lucinda", 18);
	//Display Elements
	arr.displayA();
	//Search Element
	String searchKey = "Stimson";
	Person found;
	found = arr.find(searchKey);
	if(found !=null){
	System.out.println("Found ");
	found.displayPerson();
	}
	else
	System.out.println("Can't find "+searchKey);
	//Delete Elements
	System.out.println("Deleting Smith, Yee, and Creswell");
	arr.delete("Smith");
	arr.delete("Yee");
	arr.delete("Creswell");
	//Display Elements
	arr.displayA();
	}
	} // and class Class

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Pada program di atas, kita menggunakan objek Person sebagai tipe data array. Ketika program dijalankan, maka hasilnya akan jadi seperti berikut.